As the heaviest birds capable of flight, great bustards exhibit a significant size difference between males and females. They are known as “lek breeders,” where males gather at chosen sites to showcase their prowess through audio-visual displays to attract potential mates. Females select mates based on appearance and the quality of the males’ performances.
Research conducted by Dr. Luis M Bautista-Sopelana from the National Museum of Natural Sciences in Madrid and Dr. Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma from the Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Madrid indicates that great bustards actively consume two plant species containing compounds with anti-parasitic effects. These plants are also utilized in traditional human medicine. The compounds found in these plants include anti-protozoal, worm-killing, and antifungal agents.
Proving self-medication in wild animals remains complex due to the absence of controlled experiments and dose-effect studies. While the study sheds light on the potential behavior, further research is needed to establish self-medication as a definitive trait in great bustards. The authors emphasize the need for experimental protocols developed in biomedical and pharmacological sciences to provide conclusive evidence.
The great bustard’s consumption of medicinal plants adds a unique layer to our understanding of avian behavior and their relationship with their environment. As we continue to explore the world of animal self-medication, the great bustard stands as a fascinating example of the potential use of plants to combat diseases and parasites. While conclusive evidence is yet to be established, the study underscores the intricate connections between animals, plants, and the natural world.
